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Open Access Article

19 pages 2853 KB

Contribution to the Ethnobotanical Knowledge of Serre Calabre (Southern Italy)

Chiara Gentile, Giovanni Spampinato, Miriam Patti, Valentina Lucia Astrid Laface, Carmelo Maria Musarella

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2(3); 10.31586/rjees.2022.389 - November 23, 2022

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Abstract

This work presents the results of an ethnobotanical research carried out in the territory of Serre Calabre, province of Vibo Valentia (Calabria, southern Italy). In this territory, the bond between th... Read more

Figure 1. Calabria region in the Italian territory and a zoom of the province of Vibo Valentia in which the investigated municipalities (marked in red) fall (Google© 2022).

Figure 2. Life form spectrum of the taxa recorded from the interviews. H- Hemicryptophytes; P- Pharenophytes; Ch- Chamaephytes; T- Therophytes; G- Geophytes; NP- Nanopharenophytes.

Figure 3. Chorological spectrum of the taxa recorded from the interviews. 02 Stenomediterranean - Taxa distributed along the coasts of the Mediterranean; 03 Eurimediterranean - Taxa distributed along the coasts of the Mediterranean but with ample inland irradiations; 04 Mediterranean-Montain - Taxa of the circum-Mediterranean mountains; 05 Eurasiatic - Eurasian taxa; 06 Atlantic - Taxa found on the Atlantic coasts of Europe; 08 Circumboreal - Taxa found in the cold and temperate-cold areas of Eurasia and North America; 09 Cosmopolitan - Taxa widespread in almost all areas of the world and cultivated; 10 Alien - Exotic or non-native taxa.

Figure 4. Habitats of the taxa recorded from the interviews.

Figure 5. Used part(s) of the plants.

Figure 6. Number of citations and taxa for each category of use.

Figure 7. Number of purposes for each category of use.

Figure 8. Most cited taxa for medicinal purposes.

Figure 9. Number of medicinal taxa used to treat various ailments.

Figure 10. Number of interviews and taxa for each purpose of the alimentary category of use.

Figure 11. Pseudodictamnus mediterraneus Salmaki & Siadati. The calyx of flowers was used as small candle floating on water.

Figure 12. Euphorbia lathyris L. with fruits used as mole repellent.

Figure 13. (a) Rope and (b) tie for Vitis vinifera L. made with stems of Ampelodesmos mauritanicus (Poir.) T. Durand & Schinz.

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Open Access Article

11 pages 1216 KB

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Various Medicinal Plants

Dhanalakshmi A, Muneeswari Alias Surya S, Kirubanandan Shanmugam

Online Journal of Microbiological Research 1(1); 10.31586/ojmr.2022.399 - August 26, 2022

987 views 251 downloads

Abstract

Chemical solvents are commonly used to prevent microbial growth; dangerous to human health and have limited antibacterial properties. On the other hand, Nanoparticles made of metallic elements (such a... Read more

Figure 1. Green synthesis of AgNps. (A) Plants leaves of Punica granatum (1), Vitex negundo (2), Couroupita guianensis (3), Cirtrus maxima (4); (B) Leaves Extracts of Punica granatum (1), Vitex negundo (2), Couroupita guianensis (3), Cirtrus maxima (4); (C) Silver nitrate aqueous solution(control); (D) Synthesis of AgNps with Punica granatum (1), Vitex negundo (2), Couroupita guianensis (3), Cirtrus maxima (4) characteristic the color change after an hour.

Figure 2. Green synthesis of AgNps. (A) Plants leaves of Punica granatum (1), Vitex negundo (2), Couroupita guianensis (3), Cirtrus maxima (4); (B) Leaves Extracts of Punica granatum (1), Vitex negundo (2), Couroupita guianensis (3), Cirtrus maxima (4); (C) Silver nitrate aqueous solution(control); (D) Synthesis of AgNps with Punica granatum (1), Vitex negundo (2), Couroupita guianensis (3), Cirtrus maxima (4) characteristic the color change after an hour.

Figure 3. FT-IR spectra of green-synthesized AgNPs of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) showing probable functional groups in synthesized nanoparticles.

Figure 4. FT-IR spectra of green-synthesized AgNPs of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) showing probable functional groups in synthesized nanoparticles.

Figure 5. FT-IR spectra of green-synthesized AgNPs of Vitex showing probable functional groups in synthesized nanoparticles.

Figure 6. FT-IR spectra of green-synthesized AgNPs of Vitex showing probable functional groups in synthesized nanoparticles.

Figure 7. FT-IR spectra of green-synthesized AgNPs of Couroupita guianensis showing probable functional groups in synthesized nanoparticles.

Figure 8. FT-IR spectra of green-synthesized AgNPs of Couroupita guianensis showing probable functional groups in synthesized nanoparticles.

Figure 9. FT-IR spectra of green-synthesized AgNPs of Pomelo showing probable functional groups in synthesized nanoparticles.

Figure 10. FT-IR spectra of green-synthesized AgNPs of Pomelo showing probable functional groups in synthesized nanoparticles.

Figure 11. Growth of Bacillus subtilis forming the zone of inhibition in the presence of Silver Nanoparticles synthesized with leaves extracts of Punica granatum (1), Vitex negundo (2), Couroupita guianensis (3), Cirtrus maxima (4); A positive control (5), A negative control (6).

Figure 12. Growth of Bacillus subtilis forming the zone of inhibition in the presence of Silver Nanoparticles synthesized with leaves extracts of Punica granatum (1), Vitex negundo (2), Couroupita guianensis (3), Cirtrus maxima (4); A positive control (5), A negative control (6).

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