﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with MathML3 v1.2 20190208//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article
    xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="concept-paper">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JSMHES</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Social Mathematical &amp; Human Engineering Sciences</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub"></issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Science Publications</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31586/jsmhes.2022.445</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JSMHES-445</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Concept Paper</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>
          Concept of War
        </article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>KHELALFA</surname>
<given-names>Houssam</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="af1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
<xref rid="af2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
<xref rid="cr1" ref-type="corresp">*</xref>
</contrib>
      </contrib-group>
<aff id="af1"><label>1</label>Civil Engineering and Environment Laboratory (LGCE), University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria</aff>
<aff id="af2"><label>2</label>Faculty of engineering and technology, Selinus university of science and literature (SUSL), Bologna, Italy</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="c1">
<label>*</label>Corresponding author at: Civil Engineering and Environment Laboratory (LGCE), University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria
</corresp>
</author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>17</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="pub">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>&#xa9; Copyright 2022 by authors and Trend Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        War is a deformation in the civilization field.
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd-group><kwd>Civilization Field (&#x003a9;)</kwd>
<kwd>Deformation (&#x003b5;)</kwd>
<kwd>War</kwd>
</kwd-group>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>The deformation (&#x26;#x003b5;) in the civilization field (&#x26;#x003a9;) is a new concept of war, since it is determined by a new paradigm in social mathematical and human Engineering Sciences [
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>] and will be calculated under social coordinate system (figure 1) [
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>].  </p>
<fig id="fig1">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<p>Conceptual sketch of a deformation (&#x003b5;) in the civilization field (&#x003a9;).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="445.fig.001" />
</fig>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
      
<ref id="R1">
<label>[1]</label>
<mixed-citation publication-type="other">KHELALFA, H. (2019)" Towards a new science: Theory of Merging Social sciences and Mathematics into one continuum ", LAMBERT Academic Publishing, ISBN: 978-620-0-31007-1.
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="R2">
<label>[2]</label>
<mixed-citation publication-type="other">KHELALFA, H. (2022) "Global Peace Equation (GPE)", Journal of Social Mathematical &#x00026; Human Engineering Sciences, 1(1), pp. 3-4. DOI: 10.31586/jsmhes.2022.443
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>