Pallidum Functional Hypoconnectivity and Inhibitory Control as Partial Mediators of Environmental Influences on Tobacco and Marijuana Initiation

Table 1. Summary of structural equation modeling (SEM)

Predictor		Outcome	B	SE	95%	CI
Age	→	PM2.5	0.000	0.009	-0.018	0.018	0.984
Male	→	PM2.5	-0.014	0.009	-0.032	0.005	0.140
Parental education	→	PM2.5	-0.100	0.011	-0.121	-0.079	< 0.001
Asian	→	PM2.5	0.051	0.009	0.033	0.069	< 0.001
Married household	→	PM2.5	-0.039	0.011	-0.059	-0.018	< 0.001
Other	→	PM2.5	0.098	0.010	0.079	0.117	< 0.001
Latino	→	PM2.5	0.099	0.011	0.078	0.120	< 0.001
Black	→	PM2.5	0.196	0.011	0.175	0.218	< 0.001
PM2.5	→	rsFC between the right pallidum and ventral attention network	-0.025	0.010	-0.045	-0.006	0.012
Age	→	rsFC between the right pallidum and ventral attention network	0.020	0.004	0.012	0.029	< 0.001
Male	→	rsFC between the right pallidum and ventral attention network	-0.023	0.010	-0.042	-0.004	0.018
Parental education	→	rsFC between the right pallidum and ventral attention network	-0.017	0.010	-0.037	0.003	0.097
Married household	→	rsFC between the right pallidum and ventral attention network	0.000	0.011	-0.020	0.021	0.978
rsFC between the right pallidum and ventral attention network	→	Low Inhibitory Control	0.112	0.011	0.091	0.134	< 0.001
rsFC between the right pallidum and ventral attention network	→	Substance Use Initiation	-0.024	0.012	-0.048	0.000	0.050
Low Inhibitory Control	→	Substance Use Initiation	-0.057	0.027	-0.111	-0.004	0.037
Age	→	Substance Use Initiation	0.049	0.004	0.041	0.056	< 0.001
Male	→	Substance Use Initiation	-0.013	0.012	-0.035	0.010	0.265
Parental education	→	Substance Use Initiation	-0.088	0.011	-0.110	-0.066	< 0.001