Higher-than Expected Social Security Reliance Among Educated Black Americans: Minorities' Diminished Returns in National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2023

Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences | Vol 5, Issue 1

Table 3. Summary of logistic regressions with interactions

Odds ratio	Linearized Std. Err.	[95% conf.	interval]	p
Social Security Income
Race (Black)	0.55	0.11	0.37	0.80	0.002
Age (Years)	1.09	0.00	1.09	1.10	< 0.001
Gender (Male)	0.99	0.05	0.90	1.08	0.761
Family Structure (Married)	0.82	0.04	0.75	0.90	< 0.001
Employment (Employed During Last Week)	0.36	0.02	0.32	0.39	< 0.001
Educational Attainment
Less than High School Diploma
High School Diploma	0.87	0.09	0.72	1.06	0.179
College Degree or More	0.58	0.06	0.47	0.70	< 0.001
Education x Race
High School Diploma x Race	1.79	0.39	1.16	2.74	0.008
College Degree or More x Race	1.75	0.42	1.09	2.81	0.021
Intercept	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	< 0.001

Social Security Disability Income
Race (Black)	1.27	0.19	0.95	1.71	0.112
Age (Years)	1.00	0.00	0.99	1.00	0.028
Gender (Male)	1.19	0.07	1.06	1.34	0.004
Family Structure (Married)	0.78	0.05	0.69	0.88	< 0.001
Employment (Employed During Last Week)	0.33	0.02	0.28	0.38	< 0.001
Educational Attainment
Less than High School Diploma
High School Diploma	0.48	0.04	0.40	0.57	< 0.001
College Degree or More	0.15	0.02	0.12	0.19	< 0.001
Education x Race
High School Diploma x Race	1.15	0.21	0.81	1.64	0.429
College Degree or More x Race	1.64	0.42	0.99	2.70	0.053
Intercept	0.47	0.06	0.36	0.60	< 0.001

Disability Benefit Income
Race (Black)	1.26	0.20	0.92	1.73	0.147
Age (Years)	0.99	0.00	0.99	1.00	< 0.001
Gender (Male)	1.23	0.08	1.08	1.39	0.002
Family Structure (Married)	0.85	0.06	0.74	0.97	0.014
Employment (Employed During Last Week)	0.31	0.02	0.26	0.36	< 0.001
Educational Attainment
Less than High School Diploma
High School Diploma	0.46	0.04	0.38	0.55	< 0.001
College Degree or More	0.13	0.02	0.11	0.17	< 0.001
Education x Race
High School Diploma x Race	1.16	0.22	0.80	1.69	0.427
College Degree or More x Race	1.40	0.43	0.76	2.55	0.279
Intercept	0.48	0.07	0.36	0.63	< 0.001

Income From Public Assistance
Race (Black)	1.28	0.34	0.76	2.15	0.360
Age (Years)	0.98	0.00	0.98	0.99	< 0.001
Gender (Male)	0.64	0.06	0.53	0.78	< 0.001
Family Structure (Married)	0.72	0.09	0.56	0.92	0.009
Employment (Employed During Last Week)	0.57	0.06	0.46	0.70	< 0.001
Educational Attainment
Less than High School Diploma
High School Diploma	0.62	0.10	0.46	0.84	0.002
College Degree or More	0.19	0.04	0.13	0.28	< 0.001
Education x Race
High School Diploma x Race	1.24	0.37	0.69	2.22	0.467
College Degree or More x Race	2.69	1.03	1.27	5.70	0.010
Intercept	0.23	0.05	0.15	0.34	< 0.001

Data Source: National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 2023.