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Socioeconomic Drivers of Conservation Commitment: Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Ecosystem Services Provided by Beaches in Lagos State, Nigeria
Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
| Vol 3, Issue 1
Table 4. Determinants of Willingness to Pay for Ecosystem Services Provided by Beaches
| Are you Willing to Pay? | Variables | Co-efficient | Standard Error | Wald | df | Sig. | Exp(B) | |
| Yes | Intercept | -4.9506 | 4613.2293 | 0.0000 | 1 | 0.9991 | ||
| Age | -0.1218*** | 0.0468 | 6.7819 | 1 | 0.0092 | 1.1296 | ||
| Household Size | -0.5985*** | 0.2301 | 6.7681 | 1 | 0.0093 | 1.8194 | ||
| Female | 0.1471 | 0.9640 | 0.0233 | 1 | 0.8787 | 1.1585 | ||
| Single | -13.4156 | 4605.1665 | 0.0000 | 1 | 0.9977 | 0.0000 | ||
| Married | -14.0202 | 4605.1662 | 0.0000 | 1 | 0.9976 | 0.0000 | ||
| Co-habiting/Partners | -19.8870 | 4606.5963 | 0.0000 | 1 | 0.9966 | 0.0000 | ||
| Unemployed | 7.7937 | 272.6191 | 0.0008 | 1 | 0.9772 | 2425.1997 | ||
| Self-employed | 10.8030 | 272.6137 | 0.0016 | 1 | 0.9684 | 49167.8317 | ||
| Employed | 8.8594 | 272.6161 | 0.0011 | 1 | 0.9741 | 7040.1668 | ||
| Less than N50,000 | -4.2999 | 3.5236 | 1.4891 | 1 | 0.2223 | 0.0136 | ||
| N50,000 - N149,999 | -2.3238 | 1.2617 | 3.3924 | 1 | 0.0655 | 0.0979 | ||
| N150,000 - N249,999 | -2.7297 | 1.6183 | 2.8454 | 1 | 0.0916 | 0.0652 | ||
| Above N249,999 | -1.9383 | 1.3006 | 2.2210 | 1 | 0.1361 | 0.1439 | ||
| No formal education | -3.9100** | 1.5553 | 6.3201 | 1 | 0.0119 | 49.8985 | ||
| Secondary | 1.1611 | 1.3900 | 0.6978 | 1 | 0.4035 | 3.1935 | ||
| Maybe | Intercept | 25.5751 | 48.1181 | 0.2825 | 1 | 0.5951 | ||
| Age | -0.1073*** | 0.0489 | 4.8119 | 1 | 0.0283 | 0.8983 | ||
| Household Size | 0.0141 | 0.0932 | 0.0229 | 1 | 0.8798 | 1.0142 | ||
| Female | 0.0341 | 0.4378 | 0.0061 | 1 | 0.9379 | 1.0347 | ||
| Single | -16.0620*** | 0.9160 | 307.724 | 1 | <0.001 | 1.058e-7 | ||
| Married | -15.9080*** | 0.928 | 293.935 | 1 | <0.001 | 1.234e-7 | ||
| Co-habiting/Partners | -0.8960 | 421.3170 | 0.0000 | 1 | 0.9980 | 0.4080 | ||
| Unemployed | -8.3010 | 48.0885 | 0.0298 | 1 | 0.8630 | 0.0002 | ||
| Self-employed | -8.8940 | 48.0858 | 0.0342 | 1 | 0.8533 | 0.0001 | ||
| Employed | -8.9318 | 48.0827 | 0.0345 | 1 | 0.8526 | 0.0001 | ||
| Less than N50,000 | -1.7784 | 1.0036 | 3.1403 | 1 | 0.0764 | 0.1689 | ||
| N50,000 - N149,999 | -0.3858 | 0.5807 | 0.4413 | 1 | 0.5065 | 0.6799 | ||
| N150,000 - N249,999 | -0.5876 | 0.7042 | 0.6963 | 1 | 0.4040 | 0.5557 | ||
| Above N249,999 | -1.2304 | 0.6767 | 3.3055 | 1 | 0.0690 | 0.2922 | ||
| No formal education | -13.1742 | 1032.6286 | 0.0002 | 1 | 0.9898 | 0.0000 | ||
| Secondary | -16.1717 | 68.4048 | 0.0559 | 1 | 0.8131 | 0.0000 | ||
| Model Fit Information | ||||||||
| Model | AIC | BIC | -2LL | 2 | df | Significance | ||
| Intercept | 314.043 | 320.839 | 310.043 | |||||
| Final | 252.320 | 361.061 | 188.320 | 121.722 | 30 | <0.001 | ||
| Pseudo R-squared | ||||||||
| Cox and Snell | 0.423 | |||||||
| NagelKerke | 0.539 | |||||||
| McFadden | 0.358 | |||||||
| Likelihood Ratio Tests | ||||||||
| Effect | AIC (Reduced Model) | BIC (Reduced Model) | -2LL (Reduced Model) | 2 | df | Significance | ||
| Intercept | 252.320 | 361.061 | 188.320 | .000 | 0 | |||
| Age | 263.607 | 365.552 | 203.607 | 15.286 | 2 | <0.001 | ||
| Household size | 255.390 | 357.335 | 195.390 | 7.070 | 2 | 0.029 | ||
| Gender | 248.349 | 350.294 | 188.349 | 0.028 | 2 | 0.986 | ||
| Marital Status | 241.745 | 330.097 | 189.745 | 1.424 | 6 | 0.964 | ||
| Employment | 249.323 | 337.676 | 197.323 | 9.003 | 6 | 0.173 | ||
| Income | 248.223 | 329.779 | 200.223 | 11.903 | 8 | 0.156 | ||
| Education | 266.211 | 361.359 | 210.211 | 21.891 | 4 | <0.001 | ||