Application of Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Enhancing Safety and Environmental Performance on Construction Sites in Nigeria

Table 3. Perceived Benefits of BIM for Enhancing Safety and EnvironmentalPerformance on Construction Sites in Nigeria

Variables	Frequency (N = 384)	Percentage (%)
Used BIM tools to identify safety hazards during planning and design
No	308	80.2
Yes	76	19.8
BIM-based simulations are effective in visualizing site logistics and safety planning
No	315	82.0
Yes	69	18.0
BIM helped coordinate safety protocols (e.g., access routes, emergency exits)
No	315	82.0
Yes	69	18.0
BIM for clash detection has helped in preventing on-site accidents caused by design or installation conflicts
No	315	82.0
Yes	69	18.0
BIM has significantly improved the overall efficiency of construction project workflows
No	301	78.4
Yes	83	21.6
Using BIM has enhanced collaboration between different project teams (e.g., architects, engineers, contractors)
No	301	78.4
Yes	83	21.6
BIM has reduced the frequency of errors and rework during the construction phase
No	308	80.2
Yes	76	19.8
BIM has contributed to meeting project deadlines more effectively
No	294	76.6
Yes	90	23.4
BIM has improved the quality of design and planning in our construction projects
No	294	76.6
Yes	90	23.4
The implementation of BIM has helped in reducing overall project costs
No	301	78.4
Yes	83	21.6
The use of BIM has facilitated better communication and information sharing across stakeholders
No	308	80.2
Yes	76	19.8
BIM improves the identification of safety hazards during the planning and construction phases
No	294	76.6
Yes	90	23.4
BIM helps in monitoring and ensuring compliance with environmental regulations
No	308	80.2
Yes	76	19.8