Trauma Erodes Financial Returns of Educational Attainment

Open Journal of Educational Research | Vol 5, Issue 1

Table 1. Summary of Models in the Pooled Sample

B	SE	95%	CI	p
Model 1
Male	0.604	0.109	0.386	0.821	< 0.001
Age	0.015	0.004	0.006	0.023	0.001
Race/ethnicity
Non-Latino White	Ref
Latino	0.264	0.709	-1.151	1.679	0.711
Caribbean Black	-0.118	0.199	-0.515	0.279	0.555
African American	-0.448	0.152	-0.752	-0.144	0.004
Married	1.031	0.107	0.818	1.244	< 0.001
Unemployed	-0.652	0.311	-1.271	-0.032	0.040
Education
11 Years or Less	Ref
12 Years	0.796	0.097	0.602	0.991	< 0.001
13-15 Years	1.401	0.157	1.087	1.715	< 0.001
16+ Years	2.874	0.231	2.414	3.334	< 0.001

Model 2
Male	0.563	0.099	0.367	0.760	0.000
Age	0.012	0.004	0.003	0.020	0.012
Race/ethnicity
Non-Latino White	Ref
Latino	0.320	0.761	-1.199	1.839	0.676
Caribbean Black	0.009	0.199	-0.389	0.407	0.964
African American	-0.360	0.152	-0.662	-0.057	0.020
Married	0.974	0.105	0.764	1.183	< 0.001
Unemployed	-0.401	0.291	-0.982	0.181	0.174
Trauma
0	Ref
1	-0.546	0.136	-0.816	-0.275	< 0.001
2+	-0.882	0.115	-1.111	-0.652	< 0.001
Education
11 Years or Less	Ref
12 Years	0.733	0.111	0.511	0.955	< 0.001
13-15 Years	1.271	0.138	0.995	1.547	< 0.001
16+ Years	2.717	0.217	2.284	3.151	< 0.001

Model 3
Male	0.560	0.100	0.361	0.758	< 0.001
Age	0.012	0.004	0.003	0.021	0.008
Race/ethnicity
Non-Latino White	Ref
Latino	0.274	0.739	-1.200	1.749	0.712
Caribbean Black	0.010	0.208	-0.405	0.425	0.962
African American	-0.376	0.165	-0.705	-0.047	0.026
Married	0.940	0.094	0.752	1.129	< 0.001
Unemployed	-0.422	0.297	-1.014	0.170	0.159
Trauma
0	Ref
1	-0.247	0.259	-0.764	0.271	0.345
2+	-0.265	0.208	-0.680	0.149	0.205
Education
11 Years or Less	Ref
12 Years	0.990	0.172	0.646	1.334	< 0.001
13-15 Years	1.681	0.188	1.305	2.057	< 0.001
16+ Years	2.998	0.267	2.466	3.531	< 0.001
Trauma x Education
1 × 12 Years	-0.419	0.307	-1.032	0.194	0.177
1 × 13-15 Years	-0.531	0.229	-0.988	-0.073	0.024
1 × 16+ Years	0.036	0.395	-0.751	0.824	0.927
2+ × 12 Years	-0.251	0.277	-0.803	0.301	0.368
2+ × 13-15 Years	-1.033	0.244	-1.521	-0.545	< 0.001
2+ × 16+ Years	-1.775	0.647	-3.066	-0.484	0.008

Note: Outcome: POVINDEX (poverty-to-income ratio [PIR]; higher score, higher socioeconomic status)