Prevalence and Determinants of Acute Respiratory Infections among Children under Five Years in Rural Settings of The Gambia: Evidence from a National Survey

Global Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease | Vol 2, Issue 1

Table 2. Bivariate Analysis on Factors Associated to AcuteRespiratory Infections among children under 5 years in rural area (GDHS2019/20)

Variables	ARI			P value
	Rural children	Rural children under 5 with ARI

	N = 1364	n	%

Child’s sex					0.130
Male	728	283	38.9
Female	636	222	34.9
Child’s age (in months)				0.425
0-12	380	139	36.6
13-24	220	110	34.4
≥25	663	256	38.6
Number of under five children				0.274
0-1	288	101	35.1
2-3	632	227	35.9
>4	444	178	40.1
Currently breastfeeding				0.134
Yes	807	286	35.4
No	558	220	39.4
Supplementary feeding				0.968
Yes	304	113	37.2
No	791	293	37.0
Ever vaccinated				0.531
Yes	61	19	31.1
No	7	3	42.9
Measles vaccination				0.319
Yes	278	109	39.2
No	657	235	35.8
Vitamin A supplication				0.898
Yes	720	265	36.8
No	212	77	36.3
Rota virus immunization				0.267
Yes	803	302	37.6
No	132	43	32.6
Mother’s age				0.160
<24	177	59	33.3
25-34	379	147	38.8
≥ 35	141	43	30.5
Mother’s education				0.027*
No education	547	224	41.0
Primary	256	77	30.1
Secondary	485	175	36.1
Higher	77	30	39.0
Mother’s employment status				0.387
Not working	421	163	38.7
Working	943	342	36.3
Father’s age				0.190
18-34	311	105	33.8
≥ 35	926	351	37.9
Father’s education				0.113
No education	535	217	40.6
Primary	84	25	29.8
Secondary	369	129	35.0
Higher	110	37	33.6
Father’s employment status				0.001*
Not working	43	26	60.5
Working	1129	406	36.0
Type of floor of the house				0.903
Improved	1205	453	37.6
Unimproved	92	34	37.0
Toilet facility				0.687
Improved	959	357	37.2
Unimproved	338	130	38.5
Water source				0.247
Improved	1234	459	37.2
Unimproved	63	28	44.4
Stool disposal				0.793
Improved	479	173	36.1
Unimproved	397	140	35.3
Time to get water source				0.396
On premise	842	305	36.2
<30 minutes	368	145	39.4
>30 minutes	86	36	41.9
Household size				0.061
1-4	99	28	28.3
≥5	1264	477	37.7
Wealth Index				0.810
Poor	498	179	35.9
Middle	275	103	37.5
Rich	590	223	37.8

* Statistical significance at p<0.05